A state body of the Russian Empire, established on August 22, 1826 under the name “Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages” to serve the needs of the emperor, members of his family and the imperial court. With the overthrow of the monarchy, the ministry lost its main raison d'être, but the process of its liquidation dragged on until the beginning of 1918. The ministry united all parts of the court administration, outside the control of the Senate or any other higher institution.

The ministry was headed by the Minister of the Court, who was under the direct supervision of the Sovereign. The Minister of the Imperial Court received all orders directly from the Sovereign, and in matters requiring the Highest permission, he also had the right to report directly to the Sovereign. This position of the Ministry of the Imperial Court is explained by the fact that the objects of its activities were not of a national nature, but concerned exclusively the Royal House.

In 1858, an expedition for ceremonial affairs was attached to the Ministry of the Imperial Court, and in 1859 - the Imperial Archaeological Commission. The Ministry of the Imperial Court underwent significant transformations in all its parts during the past reign, in the sense of replacing the collegial principle, which had dominated until then in the institutions of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, with an individual principle. These transformations were completed by the publication of a new establishment of the ministry on April 16, 1893. According to the new legislation, the Minister of the Imperial Court is the chief commander of all parts of the court department and at the same time the Minister of Appanages and Chancellor of the Imperial and Royal Orders. His main responsibility was the Imperial Academy of Arts and the Moscow Art Society. In 1893, the position of Assistant Minister of the Imperial Household was established, with the rights and responsibilities of a Comrade Minister.

The number of the Ministry of the Imperial Household, according to the surviving lists of the 1870s and until 1917, was large and stable: in 1878, 1,151 officials served here, and in 1914, 1,157 full-time and 124 freelance officials. After the February Revolution, the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages was abolished; in March-April 1917, cabinet and appanage estates were declared the property of the state and transferred to the Ministry of Agriculture, industrial enterprises to the Ministry of Trade and Industry, and palaces to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. After the October Revolution, the property of the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages went to the People's Commissariat of Property of the Republic. The structural divisions of the ministry were located in the Winter Palace, on Palace Embankment, 32 and on the Fontanka River embankment, 20.

The Ministry of the Imperial Household consisted of the following parts:

1. Council under the minister, convened if necessary and consisting of the heads of the establishment of the ministry under the chairmanship of the minister or another person, as designated by him;
2. General regulations;
3. Special regulations;
4. Chapter of the Imperial and Royal Orders;
5. Main Directorate of Appanages.

TO general regulations The ministries of the Imperial Court belonged to:

• Office of the Minister of the Imperial Court and Appanages;
• Cabinet of His Imperial Majesty;
• Control of the Ministry of the Imperial Household, consisting under the control of the head of the audit, accounting and technical departments;
• Cash Office of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, with branches in Moscow, Barnaul and Nerchinsk;
• General archive of the Ministry of the Imperial Household
• Inspectorate of the medical unit of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, head of the court pharmacy and hospitals of the palace department.

Special regulations Ministries of the Imperial Court:

• Office of the Marshal's Unit;
• Expedition of ceremonial affairs;
• Court stable part;
• Imperial hunt;
• Court clergy;
• Court singing chapel;
• Court Musical Choir;
• Imperial Hermitage;
• His Imperial Majesty's own libraries;
• Management of His Imperial Majesty's Own Palace;
• Directorate of the Imperial Theaters;
• Palace administrations of St. Petersburg, Moscow, Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof, Gatchina, Warsaw;
• Administration of the city of Pavlovsk;
• Imperial Academy of Arts;
• Imperial Archaeological Commission;
• Courts of Their Imperial Highnesses the Grand Dukes and Grand Duchesses;
• Electrical Engineering Department under the Ministry of the Imperial Household;
• Company of Palace Grenadiers;
• Administration of the Principality of Łowicz;
• Office of the Empress (by the beginning of the 20th century there were two such offices: the office of the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna and the office of the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna.)

Analogues of the ministry in other countries.

In Western European countries, separate ministries of the Court do not exist everywhere. In England there is no institution in which all court administration is concentrated; it breaks up into three separate parts - the marshal (lord steward of the household), chamberlain (lord chamberlain) and the equestrian (master of the horse). Under the administration of the Lord Chamberlain there are also ladies of the court, with the mistress of the robes at their head. With the change of cabinet, the persons occupying the most important court positions also change. In Italy, the management of the royal court is also entrusted to three persons: the minister of the court, the head of the economic department itself, the prefect of the palace and the first adjutant general; People who are completely alien to politics are usually appointed to these positions. In Austria-Hungary, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is also the Ministry of the Court. In Prussia, since 1819, there has been a special ministry of the royal court, which is also in charge of matters regarding the rights of the noble state, for which it has a special institution - the heraldry (Heroldsamt).

Or any other higher institution.

The ministry was headed by the Minister of the Court, who was under the direct supervision of the Sovereign. The Minister of the Imperial Court received all orders directly from the Sovereign, and in matters requiring the Highest permission, he also had the right to report directly to the Sovereign. This position of the Ministry of the Imperial Court is explained by the fact that the objects of its activities were not of a national nature, but concerned exclusively the Royal House.

In 1858, an expedition for ceremonial affairs was attached to the Ministry of the Imperial Court, and in 1859 - the Imperial Archaeological Commission. The Ministry of the Imperial Court underwent significant transformations in all its parts during the last reign, in the sense of replacing the collegial principle, which had dominated until then in the institutions of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, with an individual principle. These transformations were completed by the publication of a new establishment of the ministry on April 16, 1893. According to the new legislation, the Minister of the Imperial Court is the chief commander of all parts of the court department and at the same time the Minister of Appanages and Chancellor of the Imperial and Royal Orders. His main responsibility was the Imperial Academy of Arts and the Moscow Art Society.

In 1893, the position of Assistant Minister of the Imperial Household was established, with the rights and responsibilities of a Comrade Minister.

Organizational structure of the ministry

The Ministry of the Imperial Household consisted of the following parts:

• council under the minister, convened if necessary and consisting of the heads of the establishment of the ministry, chaired by the minister or another person, as designated by him,
• general regulations,
• special regulations
• Chapter of the Imperial and Royal Orders,
• main department of appanages.

TO general regulations The ministries of the Imperial Court belonged to:

• Office of the Minister of the Imperial Court and Appanages;
• His Imperial Majesty's office;
• control of the Ministry of the Imperial Household, consisting of the head of the audit, accounting and technical departments;
• cash office of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, with branches in Moscow, Barnaul and Nerchinsk;
• general archive of the Ministry of the Imperial Household
• Inspectorate of the medical unit of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, head of the court pharmacy and hospitals of the palace department.

Special regulations Ministries of the Imperial Court:

• management of the marshal's unit;
• expedition of ceremonial affairs;
• court stable part;
• Imperial hunt;
• court clergy;
• court singing chapel;
• court musical choir;
• own E.I.V. libraries;
• Directorate of the Imperial Theaters;
• management of H.I.V.'s own palace;
• palace administrations of St. Petersburg, Moscow, Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof, Gatchina, Warsaw;
• management of the city of Pavlovsk;
• Imperial Academy of Arts;
• Imperial Archaeological Commission;
• the courts of Their Imperial Highnesses the Grand Dukes and Grand Duchesses;
• electrical department under the Ministry of the Imperial Household;
• a company of palace grenadiers;
• administration of the Principality of Łovichi;
• office of H.I.V. Sovereign Empress (by the beginning of the 20th century there were two such offices: the office of Her I.V. Sovereign Empress Alexandra Feodorovna and the office of the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna.)

Ministers

The first minister of the Imperial Court was Prince M. P. Volkonsky. For a list of other ministers, see Chancellor of Russian Orders.

Analogues of the ministry in other countries

In Western European countries, separate ministries of the Court do not exist everywhere.

In England there is no institution in which all court administration is concentrated; it is divided into three separate parts - the marshal (lord steward of the household), the chamberlain (lord chamberlain) and the master of the horse. Under the administration of the Lord Chamberlain there are also ladies of the court, with the mistress of the robes at their head. With the change of cabinet, the persons occupying the most important court positions also change.

In Italy, the management of the royal court is also entrusted to three persons: the minister of the court, the head of the economic department itself, the prefect of the palace and the first adjutant general; People who are completely alien to politics are usually appointed to these positions.

In Austria-Hungary there is also a Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a Ministry of the Court.

In Prussia, since 1819, there has been a special M. of the royal court, which is also in charge of matters regarding the rights of the noble state, for which it has a special institution - the heraldry (Heroldsamt).

see also

Links

• Historical information on the website of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation.

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

See what the “Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages” is in other dictionaries:

In 1897, the office of the M. Imperial Household was formed, from the office of the Minister of the Imperial Household and Appanages and the administrative department of the cabinet of His Emperor. Velich. In 1901, the staff of the specific administration was approved, and in 1902, the M. yard. Decree 11... ...

The Ministry of the Imperial Court is a state body of the Russian Empire, established on August 22 (September 3), 1826 under the name “Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages.” With the overthrow of the monarchy, the ministry lost... ... Wikipedia

I was established on August 22, 1826 under the name of the M. Imperial Court and Appanages and united all parts of the court administration, outside the control of the Senate or any other higher institution. The Minister of the Court was and is under... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

The Ministry of the Imperial Court is a state body of the Russian Empire, established on August 22 (September 3), 1826 under the name “Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages.” With the overthrow of the monarchy, the ministry lost its basic meaning... ... Wikipedia

The central government institution in the Russian Empire, which existed from 1802 to October 25 (November 7), 1917; was in charge of relations with foreign states. History Established by decree of Alexander I on September 8, 1802 (manifesto “On ... ... Wikipedia - (1791 1884), count (1847), statesman, infantry general (1843). In 1842-1857 he managed the Postal Department, under which postage stamps were introduced in Russia. In 1852 1870 minister of the imperial court and appanages. Since 1857 member of the Secret... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Ministry of the Imperial Household (Historical background)

MINISTRY OF THE IMPERIAL COURT.

In 1826-1917. It was formed by the highest decree of August 22, 1826 by combining a number of institutions with different purposes that previously existed and served the Emperor and members of his family. The Minister of the Imperial Household and Appanages was directly subordinate to the Emperor, and was at the same time the Minister of Appanages (heading the Department of Appanages) and the manager of the Cabinet of the Supreme Commander. (12).

The ministry included:

E.I.V. office,
Department of Appanages,
Office,
Court stable office,
Jägermeister's office (2),
Goff Quartermaster's Office,
Court e.i.v. office,
Court clergy
Court singing chapel,
The Courts of Their Imperial Highnesses,
Theaters of both capitals,
Administration of the Imperial Porcelain and Glass Factories,
Palace administrations (Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof, Oranienbauman, Gatchina, the cities of Pavlovsk).

In 1827, the Control of the Ministry of the Imperial Household was created as a special unit. In 1829, the following were annexed to the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages:

Imperial Academy of Arts, Directorate of the Imperial St. Petersburg Theaters, Peterhof Lapidary Factory; in 1830 St. Petersburg Botanical Garden;

in 1842 the Chapter of the Russian Imperial and Tsarist Orders (the Minister of the Imperial Household became at the same time the Chancellor of the Russian Imperial and Tsarist Orders);

in 1843 the Court Medical Unit was allocated.

By the highest decree of August 30, 1852, the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages was divided into two departments: the Ministry of the Imperial Household and the Ministry of Appanages. By the highest decree of November 24, 1856, the Ministry of Appanages was liquidated, and the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages was restored to its previous composition.

On October 29, 1858, the Expedition of Ceremonial Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs became part of the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages. In 1882, the Imperial Hunt was created on the basis of the Jägermeister office, and on the basis of the Court E.I.V. office, the Main Palace Administration was created, which in 1883 was transformed into the Main Palace Administration. In 1886, the Moscow Palace Administration (formerly the Moscow Palace Office (2)) became part of the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages. In 1889, the Court and Stables Office of the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages was transformed into the Court and Stables Unit. In 1891, the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages began to be in charge of the Department of the Marshal's Unit. On December 26, 1892, the Department of Appanages was transformed into the Main Directorate of Appanages.

According to the “Establishment of the Ministry of the Imperial Household” of April 16, 1893, the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages included: the Chapter of the Russian Imperial and Royal Orders, the Main Directorate of Appanages, as well as “general regulations” (Chancery, Cabinet of the E.I.V., Control, Cash Office with branches in Moscow, Barnaul and Nerchinsk, General Archive, Court Medical Unit) and “special institutions” (Management of the Marshal’s Unit, Expedition of Ceremonial Affairs, Court Clergy, Court Singing Chapel, Court Musical Choir, Management of the Own E.I. century libraries, the Imperial Hermitage, the Directorate of the Imperial St. Petersburg Theaters, the Imperial Academy of Arts, the Imperial Archaeological Commission, Management of the Emperor's own palace, the Imperial Hunt, the Court Stables Unit, the Company of Palace Grenadiers, the Offices of the Empress-Mother and the Reigning Empress, the courts of the great princes and princesses, palace administrations: St. Petersburg, Moscow, Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof, Gatchina, Warsaw, the city of Pavlovsk, the principality of Lovech).

In 1897, the Court Musical Choir was renamed the Court Orchestra. To manage the lighting systems of the Imperial Palaces, the Electrical Engineering Department of the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages was founded in 1899. In 1902, the Ceremonial Affairs Expedition of the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages was transformed into the Ceremonial Unit of the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages. To protect the Emperor and his residence, the Office of the Palace Commandant was created in 1905 as part of the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages.

The number of the Ministry of the Imperial Household and Appanages, according to the surviving lists of the 1870s and until 1917, was large and stable: in 1878, 1,151 officials served here, and in 1914, 1,157 full-time and 124 freelance officials.

After the February Revolution, the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages was abolished; in March-April 1917, cabinet and appanage estates were declared the property of the state and transferred to the Ministry of Agriculture, industrial enterprises to the Ministry of Trade and Industry, and palaces to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. After the October Revolution, the property of the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages went to the People's Commissariat of Property of the Republic.

The ministers of the court were:
1. P.M. Volkonsky (August 22, 1826 August 27, 1852);
2. V.F. Adlerberg (August 30, 1852 April 17, 1870);
3. A.V. Adlerberg (April 17, 1870 August 17, 1881);
4. I.I. Vorontsov-Dashkov (August 17, 1881 May 6, 1897);
5. V.B. Fredericks, bar. (May 6, 1897 February 28, 1917).

To serve the needs of the emperor, members of his family and the imperial court, the Ministry of the Imperial Court was formed, which united all parts of the management of the affairs of the court department, which had existed since the beginning of the 18th century.

The Ministry was headed by the Minister of the Court, who was outside the control of the Senate and other higher authorities and reported exclusively to the Emperor. This position of the ministry was explained by the fact that the objects of its activity were not of a national nature, but concerned exclusively the Royal House. The first minister of the Imperial Court was appointed Adjutant General, General of the Infantry, Prince P. M. Volkonsky.

The ministry was in charge of managing the personal property of the emperor and members of the imperial family, including land property; exercising financial control over all institutions subordinate to the Ministry; management of imperial palaces, gardens, parks; organization of court celebrations, arrangement of ceremonies, coronations; organization of the protection of the imperial family, sanitary supervision of the condition of the imperial palaces and palace cities. The ministry was also in charge of awarding orders, medals and insignia; censorship of works performed in imperial theaters and chapels; maintenance of the court clergy. The Cabinet of His Imperial Majesty was also subordinate to the minister.

Since 1852, the Minister of the Imperial Court was appointed to perform all the duties of the Chancellor of the Chapter of the Russian Imperial Orders: he had the right, in the absence of the Emperor, to sign letters of award for the Order of the White Eagle, St. Vladimir 2nd class, St. Anne 1st class and St. Stanislaus 1st and 2nd class with star.

In 1858, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' Ceremonial Affairs Expedition was attached to the Ministry of the Imperial Household, and the following year, the Imperial Archaeological Commission. In 1882, the Imperial Hunt was created on the basis of the Jagermeister Office, and the Main Palace Board was created on the basis of the Court Office of His Imperial Majesty.

In April 1893, a new establishment of the ministry was issued, according to which the minister was appointed chief of all parts of the court department and at the same time the minister of appanages and chancellor of the Imperial and Royal orders. His main responsibility also included Imperial Academy of Arts and the Moscow Art Society. In the same year, the position of Assistant Minister of the Imperial Household was established, with the rights and responsibilities of a Comrade Minister.

After February Revolution The Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages was abolished. In March-April 1917, cabinet and appanage estates were declared the property of the state and transferred to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Agriculture; industrial enterprises - to the Ministry of Trade and Industry; palaces - to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. With the establishment of Soviet power after October revolution the property of the Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages went to the People's Commissariat of Property of the Soviet Republic.

Lit.: Temporary rules on the preparation, approval, approval and execution of estimates for the Ministry of the Imperial Household. St. Petersburg, 1882; Grigoriev S.I. Institute of Censorship of the Ministry of the Imperial Court: abstract. dis. ... k.i. n. St. Petersburg, 2003; Kitlova E. A. History of the General Archive of the Ministry of the Imperial Court: 1869-1918: abstract. dis. ... k.i. n. M., 2005; Ministry of the Imperial Court and its institutions // Higher and central state institutions of Russia 1801-1917. T. 3. St. Petersburg, 2002. pp. 145-188; Nesmeyanova I.I. Ministry of the Imperial Court and Appanages in the History of Russian Statehood. Chelyabinsk, 2009; Collection of laws relating to the Ministry of the Imperial Household. St. Petersburg, 1895; List of ranks of the Ministry of the Imperial Household. St. Petersburg, 1910.

State organization of the Russian Empire, established on August 22, 1826, performing the function of serving the needs of the imperial family and court. After the collapse of the monarchy, the ministry lost its raison d'être, but its liquidation began only in 1918. The ministry united all court administration, which was carried out outside the powers of the Senate or other higher method of management.

At the head of the Ministry was the Minister of the Court, who was under the direct control of the sovereign. The minister received any orders from the Sovereign, and matters of the highest importance were decided with him, with which the minister had the right to enter the Sovereign. The ministry's activities were limited to the scale of the reigning house, and not to the entire state, judging by its behavior.

In 1858, the Ministry of the Imperial Household was reunited with the expedition of ceremonial affairs, and in 1959 it was supplemented with an archaeological commission. During the previous period of government, the ministry underwent significant changes: the collegial principle was replaced by an individual one. Such innovations culminated in the creation of a new ministry on April 16, 1893. According to the new provisions of the legislation, the minister acted as the main commander of the entire court department, was the Minister of Appanages, and also the Chancellor of the Imperial Orders. Under his leadership was the Imperial Academy of Arts and the Society of Moscow Artists. In 1893, the position of assistant minister was introduced, whose powers consisted of the rights and duties of the minister.

The Ministry of the Imperial Household included:

1. The minister's council, activated when necessary and under the direction of the minister or other official designated by the superior of the ministry's establishment.
2. General provisions.
3. Establishments of a special nature.
4. Chapter of the Imperial and Royal Orders.
5. Main Directorate of Appanages.

General provisions ministries included:

• Office of the Minister;
• Emperor's Cabinet;
• the control body of the ministry, subordinate to the head of the accounting department, audit commission and technical department;
• the cash desk of the ministry and its branches in Moscow, Nerchinsk, Barnaul;
• ministry archive;
• Inspection of the medical unit of the ministry, under which the court pharmacy and hospitals of the palace department are located.

Special regulations ministries:

• management of the marshal's unit;
• representation of ceremonial affairs;
• court stable department;
• imperial hunting unit;
• imperial clergy;
• imperial singing chapel;
• imperial choir and group of musicians;
• court hermitage;
• imperial libraries;
• palace management;
• management of court theaters;
• palace regional departments;
• Pavlovsk Department;
• academy;
• court archaeological commission;
• princely courts;
• electrical engineering court department;
• a company of palace grenadiers;
• administration of the Łowicz Principality;
• Empress's office.

Analogs of ministries of other states

Not every Western European state had separate ministries of the Court. In England there was no institution in which all court administration would be united; such was the administration, which was distributed into three departments: the marshal, the chamberlain and the master of horse. The Lord Chamberlain's administration also included ladies of the court. A change of cabinet entails a change of those in charge of court positions. The Royal Court of Italy is entrusted to the Minister of the Court, the head of the economic department, the prefect of the palace and the first general. These positions are occupied by people who are completely removed from political life. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Austria-Hungary is also the Ministry of the Court. In Prussia there is a special ministry of the court, subordinate to which are matters concerning the powers of the noble state, and for this purpose a special institution is subordinated to it - the heraldry.