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Read online "The Third Hunt". Vladimir Soloukhin "third hunt"


Sometimes I wonder where such passion comes from in a person. I mean
activities that are varied at first glance, but still those that can
combine a common word for them - hunting. Fishing. Fishing winter, summer,
sea, lake, spinning, donka, tyrant, but above all with
float Fishing, where the joy is not in the kilograms of fish caught. To me
I had to quite mechanically catch a bag of pike perch and admire
catching a crucian carp weighing one and a half kilograms.
Hunting: upland game, steppe game, waterfowl, red game,
hare, wolf, bear, squirrel, hunting with and without a dog, hunting,
where joy and jubilation are not measured in centners of booty. Can
indifferently shoot an elk and consider the catch of an ordinary one a lucky chance
hare.
We read from Aksakov about this: “Hunting, hunter! What is heard in
the sounds of these words? What is so charming about their sense, accepted, respected in
the whole people, the whole world, not even hunters. How it originates in a person
love for some kind of hunting, for what reasons, on what basis? Nothing
It's impossible to say anything positive. The hunting disposition of some people
often suppressed by circumstances, is nothing more than an innate
inclination, unconscious passion."
Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov said everything correctly. Maybe you need
just to clarify that the disposition to hunt (in the broadest sense of the word)
there is an innate tendency not of some, but positively of all people, but what in
in most cases this arrangement is precisely suppressed
circumstances.
The brightest time for a person is childhood. Everything related to childhood
it seems wonderful afterwards. A person has been attracted to this gold all his life, but alas,
a country no longer accessible - only memories remain, but how sweet,
how insatiable, how they excite the soul. Even the hardships suffered in
childhood, do not appear terrible later, but are painted in a softening,
reconciling light. For example, my wife suffered hunger as a child. They ate
then some terrible, black as earth, gloopy pancakes from a half-rotten
raw potatoes. And now, when behind the store windows lie Greek
olives, smoked fish, partridges and even squid meat, the ultimate delicacy
I still have these potato pancakes for my wife. They are, however, a little bit
those, even though she cooks them herself. But that's only because it's too
fresh potatoes. It's nothing you can do. Childhood memory.
But humanity as a whole also had childhood. Nothing was possible
buy in a store, there were not so many cafes, restaurants, shops with
home delivery of products. Everything from hazelnuts to mammoth meat to fish
to the mushroom, I had to get it myself. In those days hunting, fishing,
collecting gifts from the forest, including mushrooms, was not fun, not a hobby,
not the passion of individual eccentrics, but everyday life, everyday life. Exactly
just like the childhood of a simple person is not a game of dolls or soldiers, but
the period of life is quite harsh and responsible, because it is in childhood
a person’s character is formed, it is in childhood that all sorts of
surprises that could break the thread, which was rather weak at the time
life. What is scary to an apple sprout is not scary to a strong adult.
apple tree
Of course, getting your own food in primitive times was harsh.
necessity, not fun. But now, when centuries have passed and when the prey
food does not consist in shooting game, but in standing at the machine
or sitting in the office, now memories of the harsh dawn of humanity,
living in the unknown depths of the human being are colored for us in
golden romantic sweet haze.
So, I believe that a passion for hunting, for fishing, for mushrooms is nothing
other than a vague memory of the childhood of humanity, therefore sweet and desirable
this passion. And it’s not just a memory, but it turns out that it’s possible, as it were,
return to the same old state when you are alone in the forest or on the river
and it depends only on you, on skill, dexterity and ingenuity, whether you will get
or you won’t get a grouse, a pike, a basket of saffron milk caps or boletus.

Victor Yaroshuk

leading game warden of the Negorelsky educational and experimental forestry enterprise


The process of hunting is beautiful in its own way, not only for wild ungulates, but also for other types of game, and not only in winter or autumn. During it, a person is not just present in the natural habitats of game animals, but is an observer and an active participant in the actions of the hidden life of wildlife. After a quiet winter with snow and frost, the spring awakening of nature is especially impressive and bright. Many hunters go to their lands in the spring to feel with their soul and body how it wakes up, enjoy the spring voices of birds, and see the enchanting moments of the life of wild nature.


Many fascinating stories have been written about spring hunting for grouse and capercaillie currents. Hunters, together with the birds, meet the first signs of dawn, the first voices of birds, and, having enjoyed the enchanting sounds and colors, if possible, get the desired trophy. At the same time, a real hunter, before pulling the trigger of a gun, will make sure that his shot will not be detrimental to the current. Spring hunting on leks is, first of all, everything before the shot.


Moments from the life of birds captured in photographs are perceived more pleasantly and emotionally than photographic facts about hunted game birds.


Many hunters have their own favorite types of hunts. Some are looking forward to the spring migration of geese, having prepared the necessary ammunition in advance, while others are increasingly looking at the lively decoys. Each hunt for one or another type of game has its own characteristics, scenario and special flavor, but they are united by one thing - the desire of hunters to get unique sensations from the process itself, to enjoy the spring beauty of nature.


In spring, woodcock hunting is most popular. It is not very complicated, less flawed and quite accessible. At the same time, it allows you to fully experience all the charm of the moments of a fading spring day.


Summer brings its own colors and a special hot atmosphere. Owners of pointing dogs strive to get their dose of adrenaline during the period of colorful and sporting hunts for snipe, waterfowl, and in the fall - gray partridge. Sometimes novice hunters enjoy hunting doves, and some like to attract hazel grouse in the fall.


Each hunt is colorful and interesting in its own way.


Summer-autumn duck hunting is widespread. For many fans of feather hunting, it has become a tradition for small groups to go to the grounds for its opening with an overnight stay, turning the evening hours in the lap of nature into a real hunting holiday with a fire and fish soup, with songs, jokes and stories about incidents during the hunt. Having met the first signs of dawn, the long-awaited minutes begin, and it does not matter that after some time the hunter returns to the fire tired and sometimes wet from head to toe. At such moments he is happy. Moments of hunting with the joy of success and fleeting disappointments, with pictures of a dewy, slightly foggy morning and ducks taking off, as if exploding from under one’s feet, remain in the memory for a long time.


At the end of summer - beginning of autumn, experienced huntsmen conduct summer roundups of wolves, first by nightly howling, forcing the wary animals to stage an impressive and unforgettable concert and thereby give away their location. Such hunts require special skills, experience and knowledge. Wolves hide in dense summer vegetation, and it is not easy to expose them to shooters.


And real professionals, creative and restless people, manage to catch wolves on wabu.


In autumn, the opportunity to diversify the types and methods of hunting increases. Along with other types of hunting, some hunters engage in gunless hunting for beaver and other semi-aquatic animals. The trap method of hunting is more reminiscent of commercial fur hunting. This method is cruel, but it really reflects our hunting reality.


Truly sporting, with a rich history and traditions, is hunting hares and foxes with hounds. But with the decline in demand for fox fur, the popularity of hunting with hounds for the red beast also decreased.


At the same time, active and colorful hare hunting is very popular and in demand. Especially if the four-legged assistant works well exclusively for the hare.


Many hunters, not having hound dogs, try to track down the gray eared dog with a self-top, clocking up kilometers on foot across fields and meadows, enjoying the pleasant physical fatigue, trying to figure out hare's clues, picturesque landscapes, clean air and cool freshness, unexpected and unpredictable encounters with animals and their tracks.

Literature Vladimir Alekseevich Soloukhin The Third Hunt 1967 ru ru LT Nemo MS Word, FBTools, XML Spy http://lib.ru/PROZA/SOLOUHIN/griby.txt Vladimir Korobitsin Soloukhin_Tretya_ohota 1.0 Vladimir Alekseevich Soloukhin; The third hunt Vladimir Alekseevich Soloukhin; Contemplation of a miracle. Publisher: Sovremennik, Moscow, 1986 Moscow 1986

Vladimir Alekseevich Soloukhin (1924-1997)

Third hunt

A humble desire to take mushrooms...

S.T. Aksakov

Mushrooms have been thoroughly studied1

So, mushrooms have been thoroughly studied. In any case, now there is no need to expend effort, as Aksakov did, for example, to refute the belief that mushrooms originate from the shadow.

It is known that Aksakov wrote, among others, two wonderful books: “Notes on fishing” and “Notes of a gun hunter of the Orenburg province.” In a businesslike tone, perhaps even a little dryly, he tells how to build a fishing rod or care for a gun. The chapters are called: “The technical part of gun hunting”, “Charge”, “Gunpowder”, “Wads”, “Dividing game into categories”, “On the taste of meat and the preparation of snipe breeds” ...

It would seem that there is nothing to read here for a person who is not a hunter. But I, as a person who has never fired a hunting rifle, testify that everything written by Aksakov reads like the most fascinating novel, I want to go back and re-read it. Art has one wonderful property. The state of mind in which the artist is is subsequently conveyed to the reader, even if nothing was said about this state of mind. But we risk going into too high spheres of the psychology of creativity and the laws of art, while we should be talking about a more base subject, namely mushrooms.

The books I mentioned by Aksakov are known to everyone. But not everyone knows that he dreamed of writing the same book about mushrooms. He even started it. If the book had been written, it would have been called “Notes and Observations of a Mushroom Hunter.” Aksakov would have ended up with a kind of trilogy: fishing, hunting itself and mushrooms. Unfortunately, we will never read the third book. But the beginning was made, seven book pages - so to speak, the general introductory part exists. And what is it like to read the last phrase of this general part: “Talking about each type of mushroom separately, I will say more about random changes in the growth of mushrooms.” Did not have time.

I started talking about all this because only a hundred years ago, an educated person for his time had to seriously say that mushrooms do not originate from the shadow.

“The mysterious power of trees to grow mushrooms around themselves does not lie in the shadows alone (as many people think) cast by tree branches; the shadow serves as the first tool for this, it’s true; it protects the earth from the scorching rays of the sun, produces soil moisture and even dampness, which is necessary for both the forest and mushrooms; but the main reason for their origin comes, as it seems to me, from tree roots, which, in turn, also, moistening the neighboring soil, impart tree sap to it, and in them, in my opinion, lies the secret of mushroom growth...

To prove that shade and humidity alone are not enough for the production of mushrooms, we can point to some tree species, such as alder, sedge, poplar, bird cherry, etc., under which and around which real mushrooms will not be born... If necessary If there were only dampness, shade and coolness, then all sorts of mushrooms would be born under all kinds of trees.”

Aksakov, a hundred years ago, was surprised and amazed by the following circumstance: “All hunters know that mushrooms have favorite places where they will certainly be born every year in greater or lesser abundance. Without a doubt, there must be natural reasons for this, but for a simple glance this difference is amazing and incomprehensible... I have an oak grove in which there are about two thousand old and young oaks... And only under some of them, porcini mushrooms have been born since time immemorial. Under other oak trees there are very few mushrooms, and under some there are none at all. There are also, of course, more than three hundred spruce trees in my garden and park - and only under four spruce trees will saffron milk caps be born. The location, the soil, the type of tree - everything is the same, and yet for twelve years now I have been constantly observing and every year I am again convinced that mushrooms are born in the same favorite places, under the same oaks and spruces.”

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Vladimir Alekseevich Soloukhin (1924-1997)
Third hunt
A humble desire to take mushrooms...
S.T. Aksakov
1
Mushrooms have been thoroughly studied.
So, mushrooms have been thoroughly studied. In any case, now there is no need to expend effort, as Aksakov did, for example, to refute the belief that mushrooms originate from the shadow.
It is known that Aksakov wrote, among others, two wonderful books: “Notes on fishing” and “Notes of a gun hunter of the Orenburg province.” In a businesslike tone, perhaps even a little dryly, he tells how to build a fishing rod or care for a gun. The chapters are called: “The technical part of gun hunting”, “Charge”, “Gunpowder”, “Wads”, “Dividing game into categories”, “On the taste of meat and the preparation of snipe breeds” ...
It would seem that there is nothing to read here for a person who is not a hunter. But I, as a person who has never fired a hunting rifle, testify that everything written by Aksakov reads like the most fascinating novel, I want to go back and re-read it. Art has one wonderful property. The state of mind in which the artist is is subsequently conveyed to the reader, even if nothing was said about this state of mind. But we risk going into too high spheres of the psychology of creativity and the laws of art, while we should be talking about a more base subject, namely mushrooms.
The books I mentioned by Aksakov are known to everyone. But not everyone knows that he dreamed of writing the same book about mushrooms. He even started it. If the book had been written, it would have been called “Notes and Observations of a Mushroom Hunter.” Aksakov would have ended up with a kind of trilogy: fishing, hunting itself and mushrooms. Unfortunately, we will never read the third book. But the beginning was made, seven book pages - so to speak, the general introductory part exists. And what is it like to read the last phrase of this general part: “Talking about each type of mushroom separately, I will say more about random changes in the growth of mushrooms.” Did not have time.
I started talking about all this because only a hundred years ago, an educated person for his time had to seriously say that mushrooms do not originate from the shadow.
“The mysterious power of trees to grow mushrooms around themselves does not lie in the shadows alone (as many people think) cast by tree branches; the shadow serves as the first tool for this, it’s true; it protects the earth from the scorching rays of the sun, produces soil moisture and even dampness, which is necessary for both the forest and mushrooms; but the main reason for their origin comes, as it seems to me, from tree roots, which, in turn, also, moistening the neighboring soil, impart tree sap to it, and in them, in my opinion, lies the secret of mushroom growth...
To prove that shade and humidity alone are not enough for the production of mushrooms, we can point to some tree species, such as alder, sedge, poplar, bird cherry, etc., under which and around which real mushrooms will not be born... If necessary If there were only dampness, shade and coolness, then all sorts of mushrooms would be born under all kinds of trees.”
Aksakov, a hundred years ago, was surprised and amazed by the following circumstance: “All hunters know that mushrooms have favorite places where they will certainly be born every year in greater or lesser abundance. Without a doubt, there must be natural reasons for this, but for a simple glance this difference is amazing and incomprehensible... I have an oak grove in which there are about two thousand old and young oaks... And only under some of them, porcini mushrooms have been born since time immemorial. Under other oak trees there are very few mushrooms, and under some there are none at all. There are also, of course, more than three hundred spruce trees in my garden and park - and only under four spruce trees will saffron milk caps be born. The location, the soil, the type of tree - everything is the same, and yet for twelve years now I have been constantly observing and every year I am again convinced that mushrooms are born in the same favorite places, under the same oaks and spruces.”
Probably, in some ways Aksakov and his contemporaries were happier than us. The mushroom is already one of the most interesting and mysterious phenomena of nature. It is not for nothing that at first they did not even know where to classify it - the plant or animal kingdom; they thought that it belonged to the category of polyps. And then there are the incomprehensible tricks of mushrooms: they like to be born under this tree, and not under that one. Imagine some creature who is given the ability to see only apples, while the apple tree itself is invisible to him. Of course, he will wonder why there are a lot of apples in one place, but not a single one nearby. Now we know that the mushrooms that grow in the forest and which we collect with pleasure are exactly like apples, ready-ripened fruits, while the tree itself is hidden from our eyes underground.
Yes, mushrooms have now been thoroughly studied. We know that the mycelium looks like a white cobweb. We know that when you take mushrooms, it is better to cut them with a knife rather than tear them out by the roots. Because the mycelium is destroyed and such picking, if we don’t get away from the apples, is like if, instead of carefully picking an apple, we break off a large twig. The cohabitation (to mutual benefit) of mushrooms and trees has been established, the percentage of one or another substance in a mushroom has been determined, even spores, the smallest spores, this pollen almost invisible to the eye, has been measured to the point that the width and length of each individual speck of dust are known.
But has mushroom picking lost its charm? Are we any less happy when we see a vigorous brown boletus after a long wait?
Various lunars have been landed on the Moon. Photographs of the Moon from a distance of several meters were published in all newspapers around the world. We saw a moon rock with a diameter of fifteen and a half centimeters. It was decided that the soil on the Moon is porous and hard.
Well, calm down and don’t worry anymore, looking at the night star, which is quite porous and quite hard. Forget about magical moonlit nights in an ancient linden park, on a quiet and warm sea, above a sleeping eastern city, in a silent desert steppe, in a midnight Ukrainian village...
But no, the charm of moonlit nights is still omnipotent and the awareness of the porosity of the night luminary does not prevent us from admiring moonlit nights, just as the fact that the chemical composition of paints and even retail prices for canvas are known does not prevent us from contemplating a painting.
Sometimes I wonder where such passion comes from in a person. I mean activities that seem diverse at first glance, but still those that can be united by a common word - hunting. Fishing. Fishing: winter, summer, sea, lake, spinning, donka, tyrant, but above all with a float. Fishing, where the joy is not in the kilograms of fish caught. I had to quite mechanically catch a bag of pike perch and admire the catching of a crucian carp weighing one and a half kilograms.
Hunting: upland game, steppe, waterfowl, red game, hare, wolf, bear, squirrel, hunting with and without a dog, hunting where joy and jubilation are not measured by centners of prey. You can shoot an elk with indifference and consider the catch of a common hare as a lucky chance.
We read from Aksakov about this: “Hunting, hunter! What is heard in the sounds of these words? What is so charming about their meaning, accepted and respected by the whole people, in the whole world, even by non-hunters. How does a person’s love for some kind of hunting arise, for what reasons, on what basis? It's impossible to say anything positive. The disposition to hunt in some people, often suppressed by circumstances, is nothing more than an innate inclination, an unconscious hobby.”
Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov said everything correctly. Perhaps it is only necessary to clarify that the disposition to hunt (in the broadest sense of the word) is an innate inclination not of some, but positively of all people, but that in most cases this disposition is precisely suppressed by circumstances.
The brightest time for a person is childhood. Everything connected with childhood seems wonderful later. A person has been attracted all his life by this golden, but alas, no longer accessible country - only memories remain, but how sweet, how insatiable, how they excite the soul. Even the hardships suffered in childhood do not seem terrible later, but are painted in a softening, reconciling light. For example, my wife suffered hunger as a child. They then ate some terrible, black as earth, gloopy pancakes made from half-rotten raw potatoes. And now, when behind the store windows there are Greek olives, smoked fish, partridges and even squid meat, these potato pancakes remain the supreme delicacy for the wife. They are, however, a little different, despite the fact that she prepares them herself. But this is only because the potatoes are too fresh. It's nothing you can do. Childhood memory.
But humanity as a whole also had childhood. It was impossible to buy anything in the store; there were not so many cafes, restaurants, or shops with home delivery of groceries. Everything, from hazelnuts to mammoth meat, from fish to mushrooms, had to be obtained by oneself. In those days, hunting, fishing, collecting forest gifts, including mushrooms, was not fun, not a hobby, not the passion of individual eccentrics, but everyday life, everyday life. Just like the childhood of a simple person is not a game of dolls or soldiers, but a rather harsh and responsible period of life, because it is in childhood that a person’s character is formed, it is in childhood that all sorts of surprises befall him, capable of breaking a thread that was rather weak at that time life. What is scary for an apple sprout is not scary for a mature, strong apple tree.
Of course, getting food for yourself in primitive times was a harsh necessity, not fun. But now, when centuries have passed and when getting food consists not in shooting game, but in standing at a machine or sitting in an office, now the memories of the harsh dawn of humanity, living in the unknown depths of the human being, are colored for us in golden romantic sweet haze.
So, I believe that the passion for hunting, for fishing, for mushrooms is nothing more than a vague memory of humanity’s childhood, which is why this passion is sweet and desirable. And it’s not just a memory, but it turns out that you can somehow return to that very same previous state, when you are alone in the forest or on the river and it depends only on yourself, on skill, dexterity and ingenuity, whether you will or will not get a grouse, a pike , a basket of saffron milk caps or boletus mushrooms.
Perhaps some will consider it an exaggeration that I classify mushroom picking as hunting and call it hunting. I hasten to Aksakov again for reinforcements.
“Among the various human hunts, the humble hunt to go mushroom hunting or take mushrooms has its place. Although it cannot be compared with other hunts that are more lively, simply because they have to deal with living creatures, it can compete with many, so to speak, secondary hunts, which, however, have their own special interests. I’m even ready to give preference to mushrooms, because they need to be found, therefore, they may not be found; here some skill is mixed in, knowledge of the deposits of mushrooms, knowledge of the area and happiness... There is uncertainty, chance, there is both success and failure, and all this together incites hunting in a person and constitutes a special interest.”
But in this case, picking berries should also be classified as “hunting”: strawberries, raspberries, lingonberries, cranberries or nuts, especially since these are all also “gifts of the forest” and, therefore, should also awaken million-year-old memories, which were discussed by two pages above.
Yes, but not so. Needless to say, a lot of pleasure can be found in picking berries. So as not to be considered particularly partial to mushrooms, I’ll digress. But there are differences between berries, not only in terms of taste, but also in production.
Strawberries should be put first. I think everyone will agree that this is the most delicious of all forest berries. It has no equal, not only no equal, but no one even approaching it in terms of flavor or aroma. When you come from the forest with a full jug and pour this jug onto a large flat dish, the only strawberry aroma in the world will immediately float throughout the house. I remember about Leonov’s strawberry aroma: “And even now, even in a thunderstorm, how the Yenezh pine forests squeak with the wind in an embrace, how they breathe in the hot July haze, so even the pillows of the night three nights in a row smell of the hot infusion of strawberries and pine needles... That’s how here on Yenga."
As a child, we picked bouquets of strawberries, which, truly, are not inferior to bouquets of the brightest flowers. To prevent the berry from rolling off a piece of soft and also fragrant bread in its own way, we pressed each berry a little into the bread pulp and ate it, sipping with milk.
But the best way to eat strawberries is this: pour cold milk into a plate, sweeten it strongly with granulated sugar, stirring patiently until it melts, and then pour strawberries into the milk, as desired or based on how much you have collected. Some people prefer to crush strawberries in milk with a spoon. This should not be done under any circumstances, because the milk will turn pink from the strawberry acid, but it will curdle into flakes.
I won’t talk about strawberry jam. Every housewife, every person who understands jam at least a little, considers it jam number one. As far as I know, there are no other types of strawberry preparation. Drying it only spoils the berry; it is not suitable for marinade. Maybe pastille. But marshmallow, in my opinion, is just a degraded version of jam.
And in general, to tell the truth, I am against any preparation of this berry. And I think I’m right, based on its particular usefulness for humans. Well, how much jam will I eat in winter at one time? A tablespoon, two, well, three. While at the height of the season you can eat a whole plate of strawberries every day, and strawberries of the first freshness, which have not lost not only their healing properties, but also not a drop of aroma, and not only their aroma, but also the aroma of the surrounding forest, warmed by the midday sun. True, this point of view of mine does not prevent my wife from preparing a pound of strawberry jam and more.
Yes, strawberries not only rank first among all wild berries in terms of taste, but also in terms of their usefulness for humans and even their healing properties. My wife's uncle suffered greatly from his liver. No medical treatments were helping anymore. Just as a sick cat instinctively finds among the herbs some kind of grass it needs, so he was drawn to strawberries. For the entire strawberry season, he went to the village, which is called “Yagodnoe” and which, as they say, lives up to its name without effort - strawberries are collected in buckets. Our patient also began to pick strawberries. He ate a day what is called in those places - kuban. In our opinion, this is krinka. Krinkas vary in size, but we must assume something in between, that is, about two liters. So, two liters a day throughout the strawberry season. I don’t really know how he ate it, alone or with milk, on an empty stomach or after lunch, or even instead of lunch, but his illness passed, so as not to return.
The first wave of strawberries ripen in the felling areas, that is, where there was a pine or spruce forest and where it was cut down, leaving only stumps from which honey sticky drops of fragrant resin are melted in the sun. Strawberries usually grow around these stumps. And since the felling is open to the sun, the strawberries ripen there first, especially if the cleared area is a slope of a mountain or ravine facing south. Fortunately, as we say, the berries from such fellings ripen much earlier than the forest ones, hiding in the thick grass and undergrowth.
The berries in the felling areas are smaller than in the forest, drier, stale, but perhaps sweeter. Some fellings never become overgrown, so from year to year you can pick early small berries from them. In some felling areas, on the contrary, dense young growth begins to rise, most often birch and aspen trees. Grass also grows there, strawberries turn from dry, “cutting” ones into large, juicy wild berries.
When everything has been picked and trampled down at the felling sites, you need to go deeper into the forest. Of course, strawberries don’t grow anywhere in the forest. Under the dense canopy of the forest, it happens that there is no grass at all, not just strawberries.

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Vladimir Soloukhin is known to the general reader as a passionate lover of nature, its defender and singer. He always amazes us with the fact that he seems to discover a world that is already familiar to us anew. This book is an unusual journey, a mushroom trip. And even if you are not an avid mushroom picker, you will certainly become one, wandering through the forest at the will of the author as you have never wandered before.

Or maybe you don’t know the passion of earthly fishing? Then very soon, after reading the second part of this book - “Grigorov Islands”, you will no longer be able to sit in the city on a winter Sunday.

But this book can awaken not only the passion of a mushroom picker or a fisherman, even not so much, because the main thing in the book is the affirmation of the expediency of natural phenomena and man as a particle of nature, a rational particle and therefore must build his relationship with nature according to his reason.

1

Mushrooms have been thoroughly studied.

So, mushrooms have been thoroughly studied. In any case, now there is no need to expend effort, as Aksakov did, for example, to refute the belief that mushrooms originate from the shadow.

It is known that Aksakov wrote, among others, two wonderful books: “Notes on fishing” and “Notes of a gun hunter of the Orenburg province.” In a businesslike tone, perhaps even a little dryly, he tells how to build a fishing rod or care for a gun. The chapters are called: “The technical part of gun hunting”, “Charge”, “Gunpowder”, “Wads”, “Dividing game into categories”, “On the taste of meat and the preparation of snipe breeds” ...

It would seem that there is nothing to read here for a person who is not a hunter. But I, as a person who has never fired a hunting rifle, testify that everything written by Aksakov reads like the most fascinating novel, I want to go back and re-read it. Art has one wonderful property. The state of mind in which the artist is is subsequently conveyed to the reader, even if nothing was said about this state of mind. But we risk going into too high spheres of the psychology of creativity and the laws of art, while we should be talking about a more base subject, namely mushrooms.

The books I mentioned by Aksakov are known to everyone. But not everyone knows that he dreamed of writing the same book about mushrooms. He even started it. If the book had been written, it would have been called “Notes and Observations of a Mushroom Hunter.” Aksakov would have ended up with a kind of trilogy: fishing, hunting itself and mushrooms. Unfortunately, we will never read the third book. But the beginning was made, seven book pages - so to speak, the general introductory part exists. And what is it like to read the last phrase of this general part: “Talking about each type of mushroom separately, I will say more about random changes in the growth of mushrooms.” Did not have time.

2

So, my mushroom memories begin with memories of boletus. It seems correct, according to the book, they are called butterflies, but I will never get used to it. Oiler, oiler, oiler - why do they need any other name?

This name comes from the type of mushroom, or even, more accurately, from the touch. Everyone knows that the butter dish is covered with mucus on top of the skin. But here’s what’s interesting: people like these mushrooms so much that they don’t call them something humiliating, such as slugs, or slimy creatures, or even snotty ones, which would also be true, but – boletus. It is known that everything slippery and slimy causes, if not disgust, then disdain among the people. However, the boletus escaped this fate. Not slimy, but oily, completely different memories, a completely different attitude: both pancake and porridge can be oily, or, as in the song about a cockerel, “silk beard, oily head.”

I’m probably not the only one whose first mushroom was an oil can. I can’t guarantee that it is the most common mushroom in our Central Russian forests, maybe there are more valuevs or chanterelles than butter mushrooms, but still the butterdish manages to catch your eye first. This is probably greatly facilitated by the fact that its habitat is forest edges.

If you compare it with flowers, then the oil dish is like a dandelion. Maybe other flowers: forget-me-nots, buttercups, porridge, cat's paws - no less than dandelions bloom on the ground, but still the village girls will weave their first wreath in their lives not from bathing suits or even from cornflowers, but from sunny dandelions .

So, forest edges, though not just any kind, but pine forests, mostly young forests. In an old forest, you probably won’t find an oiler, but young pines with green grass between them are the oiler’s favorite habitat. It is necessary to remember that, in addition to the main name, this mushroom also has a name - it is called “pine tree”.



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